Evaluation of the phytotoxicity of coffee post-harvest wastewater on horticultural species

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Maribel Margot Huatuco Lozano
Gabriel Jorge Carlos Reyes
Angélica Ysabel Miranda Jara
Shofia Sabina Ahumada Cárdenas

Abstract

The study determined the phytotoxic effect of post-harvest coffee wastewater on radish (Raphanus sativus) and beet (Beta vulgaris) seeds. The sensitivity of each species was identified, and germination and root elongation parameters were evaluated under seven effluent concentrations. The research was applied, experimental, and longitudinal. Wastewater samples were taken from the "La Prosperidad" Coffee Growers' Cooperative in Chirinos, which had an acidic pH (3.03) and high electrical conductivity (3.41 mS/cm). Bioassays were conducted using 25 seeds per treatment and distilled water as a control. Germination percentages, root length, and normalized indices such as IGN and IER were measured to determine toxicity levels. The results showed that in Raphanus sativus, germination and root elongation decreased severely, starting at 12.5 %, with total inhibition at 50 % and 100 %. Beta vulgaris showed greater sensitivity, registering drastic inhibition from 1% and very high toxicity from 5 %. Negative IGN and IER values ??confirmed moderate toxicity. It is concluded that post-harvest coffee wastewater has a high phytotoxic potential and should not be used without prior treatment in agricultural systems; therefore, it is necessary to implement mitigation technologies and environmental monitoring.

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How to Cite
Huatuco Lozano, M. M., Carlos Reyes, G. J. ., Miranda Jara, A. Y. ., & Ahumada Cárdenas, S. S. (2026). Evaluation of the phytotoxicity of coffee post-harvest wastewater on horticultural species. Aula Virtual., 7(15), 2148-2170. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24010342
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