Advances in the use of electrochemical processes for the remediation of water contaminated with heavy metals: A systematic review

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Darwin Rolando Ponce Altamirano

Abstract

Water pollution with heavy metals is a consequence of human activities such as mining, agriculture, and hydrocarbon exploitation, which causes the accumulation of contaminants such as heavy metals like Co, Cu, Cr, Zn, and Ni, requiring remediation actions given the risk they represent to human health. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the efficiency of using electrochemical methods for the removal of heavy metals from water. To this end, an analysis of the progress in electrochemical remediation was conducted through a systematic review of 140 scientific articles in scientific databases such as Scopus, SciELO, Latindex, and Google Scholar. From these, 24 articles related to advances in the use of electrochemical processes for the remediation of water contaminated with heavy metals were selected. The results reveal an alarming increase in the levels of contamination of water sources, rivers, and lakes by heavy metals, resulting in reduced availability of potable water and increased risks of public health problems due to their presence. However, the findings show that electrochemical processes are more efficient than phytoremediation and bioremediation for their removal. Therefore, they are suggested as a viable alternative for the decontamination and monitoring of waters at risk of contamination, aiming to reduce costs and ensure personnel training

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Ponce Altamirano, D. R. . (2026). Advances in the use of electrochemical processes for the remediation of water contaminated with heavy metals: A systematic review. Aula Virtual., 7(15), 137-156. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21648761
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