Cultural and territorial adaptation of artificial intelligence for financial inclusion in indigenous contexts: A systematic review based on digital equity
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Abstract
The incorporation of artificial intelligence-based technologies in financial services has been promoted as a key strategy for expanding access to economic resources for vulnerable populations; however, its implementation in indigenous contexts faces structural, cultural, and territorial challenges that limit its effectiveness and can reproduce dynamics of exclusion. In this context, the objective of this article was to propose criteria for cultural and territorial adaptation of artificial intelligence technologies aimed at financial inclusion in indigenous contexts, based on a synthesis of scientific evidence and digital equity frameworks. To this end, a systematic review article was developed following the PRISMA guidelines, through the identification, selection, and critical analysis of scientific studies published in peer-reviewed journals that address the intersection between artificial intelligence, financial inclusion, and vulnerable populations. The results revealed that, while artificial intelligence applications based on machine learning and the use of alternative data show potential for reducing barriers to financial access, their impact is limited by factors such as the digital divide, algorithmic biases, lack of linguistic relevance, and the absence of community participation in technological design. Based on these findings, adaptation criteria were systematized, integrating cultural, territorial, structural, ethical, and governance dimensions. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that AI-mediated financial inclusion in Indigenous contexts requires contextualized and participatory approaches, guided by principles of digital equity and respect for collective rights, as a condition for the development of socially responsible and sustainable technological solutions
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